ローマ法王が地球温暖化について声明を出したとのニュースが駆け巡っていた。 その中にオーシャンガバナンスも含まれている。
世界に衝撃拡大…ローマ法王「最後の審判の日が到来」 地球温暖化に異例の警鐘
産経ニュース 2015.6.28 http://www.sankei.com/premium/news/150628/prm1506280012-n2.html
Pope Calls For Global Governance Of The Climate And Oceans
9:33 AM 06/18/2015
ENCYCLICAL LETTER LAUDATO SI’ からOcean の部分を拾ってみた。 http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html
太字は当方、また各条項のテーマを日本語で一言にまとました。
24. Things are made worse by the loss of tropical forests which would otherwise help to mitigate climate change. Carbon dioxide pollution increases the acidification of the oceans and compromises the marine food chain.
Co2による海洋の酸性化と水産資源への影響
37. Some countries have made significant progress in establishing sanctuaries on land and in the oceans where any human intervention is prohibited which might modify their features or alter their original structures.
海洋保護区の制定
40. Oceans not only contain the bulk of our planet’s water supply, but also most of the immense variety of living creatures, many of them still unknown to us and threatened for various reasons. What is more, marine life in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans, which feeds a great part of the world’s population, is affected by uncontrolled fishing, leading to a drastic depletion of certain species. Selective forms of fishing which discard much of what they collect continue unabated. Particularly threatened are marine organisms which we tend to overlook, like some forms of plankton; they represent a significant element in the ocean food chain, and species used for our food ultimately depend on them.
海洋と水産資源管理の問題
41. In tropical and subtropical seas, we find coral reefs comparable to the great forests on dry land, for they shelter approximately a million species, including fish, crabs, molluscs, sponges and algae. Many of the world’s coral reefs are already barren or in a state of constant decline. “Who turned the wonderworld of the seas into underwater cemeteries bereft of colour and life?”[25] This phenomenon is due largely to pollution which reaches the sea as the result of deforestation, agricultural monocultures, industrial waste and destructive fishing methods, especially those using cyanide and dynamite. It is aggravated by the rise in temperature of the oceans. All of this helps us to see that every intervention in nature can have consequences which are not immediately evident, and that certain ways of exploiting resources prove costly in terms of degradation which ultimately reaches the ocean bed itself.
環礁の島の重要性と危機
174. Let us also mention the system of governance of the oceans. International and regional conventions do exist, but fragmentation and the lack of strict mechanisms of regulation, control and penalization end up undermining these efforts. The growing problem of marine waste and the protection of the open seas represent particular challenges. What is needed, in effect, is an agreement on systems of governance for the whole range of so-called “global commons”.
グローバルコモンズとしてのオーシャンガバナンスの重要性
この法王のメッセージの存在は始めて知ったし、全体像がわかっていない。 しかしほ法王が海洋や気候変動についてこれだけ取り上げている事はニュースであるらしい。 ここでグロティウスの「自由海論」を思い出したい。 グロティウスは予定説を一部否定したのだ。だから当時「自由海論」は大問題だったのである。 予定説とは、教皇の名の下にポルトガルとスペインが地球を二分するトルデシリャス条約の事である。海は神が存在する前に存在したので、自由である、というのグロティウスの理屈だったと理解している。グロティスは西班牙、葡萄牙に苛められる母国オランダの利益を護ろうとしたのだ。 しかし、現在の世界はグロティウスの自由海論では対応できなくなっている。 今また神の裁決が必要、という事ではなかろうか？ ここに日本の八百万神はどう出て来るか？
